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The FDA has ruled that Allegra, Claritin, and Zyrtec are safe for over-the-counter use, with Claritin the first to be approved. Studies suggest that cetirizine (Zyrtec) is more effective than either of these other agents in improving symptoms, including in children, although cetirizine causes more drowsiness at higher doses. One 2001 comparison study suggested that Claritin was more effective than Allegra in improving symptoms in a shorter period of time.

Zyrtec and Claritin are approved for those under five years of age, although most appear to be safe in children. Zyrtec is the only antihistamine approved for both indoor and outdoor allergies and for infants as young as six months. Both are available in syrup form. Studies with Zyrtec have reported fewer symptoms in children allergic to dust mites, and a 2002 study reported that infants with allergies who were given Zyrtec were much less likely to develop asthma later on than untreated infants. Claritin at this time is generally the preferred agent for young people, however, because it has the least negative effect on concentration and learning. Women who are pregnant or nursing should avoid these medications unless recommended by a physician.

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